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Nav.ftp example
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1992-11-30
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NAVIGATING THE INTERNET: AN INTERACTIVE WORKSHOP
Richard J. Smith
Assistant Director For Technical Services
University of Southwestern Louisiana
rs@usl.edu
FTP
File Transfer Protocol (ftp) is a powerful software utility that
allows for the users of the Internet to access electronic information,
and transfer that information to their local computers.
Ftp can transfer information at megabytes-per-seconds over the Internet.
With upgrades of the Internet and the upcoming National Research and
Education Network (NREN), projected speeds will be gigabytes-per-second.
As mentioned previously, many computers contain documents that can obtained
via "anonymous ftp." This wealth of information is what we will explore
in the next few sessions.
Anonymous ftp is started by typing "ftp sitename" from your system
prompt; typing in "anonymous" as the Name on the remote machine; and your
local ID as the Password when requested by the remote machine.
The following is an example of obtaining a document via "anonymous ftp."
> NOTE: 'bss>' is my UNIX prompt. Your prompt may be a '$' if you're on
> a VMS system or 'Ready;' if you're on a VM system.
--------------------
bss> ftp 35.1.1.48
Connected to 35.1.1.48.
220 nic.merit.edu FTP server (Version 4.1 Fri Aug 28 11:37:57 GDT
1987) ready.
Name (35.1.1.48:rjs4808): anonyemous
331 Password required for anonyemous.
Password:
530 Login incorrect.
Login failed.
ftp> bye
221 Goodbye.
bss> ftp 35.1.1.48
Connected to 35.1.1.48.
220 nic.merit.edu FTP server (Version 4.1 Fri Aug 28 11:37:57 GDT
1987) ready.
Name (35.1.1.48:rjs4808): anonyemous
331 Password required for anonyemous.
Password:
530 Login incorrect.
Login failed.
ftp> bye
221 Goodbye.
bss> !!
ftp 35.1.1.48
Connected to 35.1.1.48.
220 nic.merit.edu FTP server (Version 4.1 Fri Aug 28 11:37:57 GDT
1987) ready.
Name (35.1.1.48:rjs4808): anonymous
331 Guest login ok, send ident as password.
Password:
230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.
--------------------
In the above ftp example session, I used the numeric address for the Merit
Network Information Center Services although there are several address
access points.
--------------------
Merit Network Information Center Services
| NIC.MERIT.EDU
| FTP.MERIT.EDU
Addresses | FTP.MICHNET.NET
| NIS.NSF.NET
| (35.1.1.48)
--------------------
In addition, I spell anonymous wrong several times. Logging in is
unforgiving, and if you spell the login wrong you may as well start
over. In ftp you can use the "open" command at the ftp> prompt
"ftp> open 35.1.1.48", but I usually start over by ending the ftp
session with a "bye" command and continue from the system prompt.
I spell the word anonymous correctly and gained access to
the remote machine. I used my Internet address "rs@usl.edu" as the
password.
Once logged onto the remote machine I used the "ls -l" command (dir works
the same) at the ftp prompt to look at the remote machine's directory:
--------------------
ftp> ls -l
200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
total 63
-rw-r--r-- 1 nic merit 17205 Jul 31 19:07 INDEX
-rw-r--r-- 1 nic merit 5446 Aug 04 19:56 READ.ME
drwxr-sr-x 2 nic merit 512 Aug 14 12:40 acceptable.use.policies
drwxr-sr-x 2 root system 512 Feb 20 17:02 bin
drwxr-sr-x 3 cise nsf 512 Aug 14 12:53 cise
drwxr-sr-x 9 nic merit 512 Jul 29 15:09 documents
drwxr-sr-x 3 root system 512 Feb 20 17:02 etc
drwxr-sr-x 8 nic merit 512 Aug 07 15:34 internet
drwxr-sr-x 2 nic merit 512 Jul 31 14:35 introducing.the.internet
drwxr-sr-x 2 root system 512 Feb 20 17:02 lib
drwxr-sr-x 2 nic merit 512 Aug 10 15:58 maps
drwxr-sr-x 7 nic merit 512 Aug 14 18:59 michnet
drwxr-sr-x 6 nic merit 512 Jul 29 16:20 newsletters
drwxr-sr-x 4 nic merit 512 Aug 03 11:44 nren
drwxr-sr-x 11 nic merit 512 Jul 23 18:51 nsfnet
drwxr-sr-x 2 omb omb 512 Jul 29 16:22 omb
drwxr-sr-x 3 nic merit 512 Jul 23 15:03 resources
drwxr-sr-x 3 nic merit 512 Jul 29 16:39 statistics
drwxr-sr-x 3 root system 512 Feb 20 17:02 usr
drwxr-sr-x 3 nic merit 512 Jul 15 12:46 working.groups
226 Transfer complete. remote: -l
1290 bytes received in 0.49 seconds (2.6 Kbytes/s)
ftp>
--------------------
The left column is important in that it tells me that most of the
items listed are directories. Signified by the d in the
"drwxr-sr-x".
This means I will have to use the change directory "cd" command to
get to files or get to another series of sub-directories. The INDEX
and READ.ME lines do not have a "d" in the far left column so they
are files. I then "get" the READ.ME file that was used in
the earlier session.
--------------------
ftp> G
?Invalid command
ftp> get README
200 PORT command successful.
550 README: No such file or directory.
ftp> LS
?Invalid command
ftp> ls
200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
INDEX
READ.ME
acceptable.use.policies
bin
MORE TEXT
226 Transfer complete.
200 bytes received in 0.05 seconds (3.9 Kbytes/s)
ftp> get READ.ME
200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for READ.ME (5446 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
local: READ.ME remote: READ.ME
5578 bytes received in 1.3 seconds (4.3 Kbytes/s)
ftp> BYE
?Invalid command
ftp> bye
221 Goodbye.
bss>
--------------------
Note again that I messed up the "get" command by trying to retrieve
the document READ.ME without using the ".". I used the "ls" command
to find the correct spelling of the READ.ME file. Exact spelling
and Case sensitivity are imperative in getting files. I finally
got my file. A chore, but with practice ease of using "anonymous ftp"
will transpire.
Navigating the Internet: An Interactive Workshop
Copyright (C) 1992 by Richard J. Smith, All Rights Reserved.
Permission granted for individual usage.